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  安庆市宿松县博物馆藏有一方唐代宝相花铭带铜镜(见图),为国家一级文物,1982年宿松县征集所得。此镜直径16.5、缘厚0.6厘米,铸制精细,图案构图布局巧妙,技艺精湛。铜镜带铭:如珠出画,似月停空;当眉写翠,对脸传红;绮窗绣晃,俱含影中;练形神冶,莹质良工。诗文为典型的唐镜铭文。该镜圆钮,底座花瓣圆圈边饰,内区六块法轮均匀对称状,六个荷花在法轮内相隔,以钮座为中心,团花布局。外区铭带较宽,铭文楷体,字体较大,边缘两重齿纹。主纹宝相花为荷花,以含苞待放的荷花花苞为主题构图,伸展出的花蕊为荷花的雄蕊,而雌蕊在莲蓬的顶上。

  宝相花纹饰与佛教有关。宝相纹饰成型较早,作为中国传统的纹饰之一,在隋唐时期盛行,又称“宝仙花”,一般以花卉(莲花、牡丹)为主体,中间镶嵌着形状不同、大小粗细有别的其他花叶组成,花芯和花瓣基部,用圆珠作规则排列,似熠熠闪光的宝珠,叠层团晕,雍荣华贵,在传世的石器、铜器、瓷器、织锦等器物中有着应用广泛。

  从宝相花纹饰的演变看,最早出现于北魏石刻装饰中。在隋代,由于装饰风格日渐华丽、佛教美术逐渐深入中国化,变体莲花由此应运而生。初唐,宝相花纹饰已经成熟,在隋代变体莲花的基础上,以严格的格律体为骨骼,花瓣层层交错,做辐射状排列。盛唐时期,已经趋于华丽,出现了多层次的叠晕法设色,以花中套花的手法吸收了牡丹花、山茶花、石榴花等新题材的元素。至后来的宋、元、明、清,虽有少量纹饰出现,但已非当时的主流。

  宝相花是种奇妙的组合,它的每一细节似乎都有当时的时代现实依据,而合为一体的整体上,却又无法说清它到底是哪一种花。作为中国传统装饰图案的一种,随着时间和朝代的更替逐渐形成具有中华民族特色且应用范围广泛的祥瑞纹样。宝相花纹的艺术形式和符号内涵的形成有着深厚的文化内涵,其形式美与吉祥富贵、幸福圆满的象征意义更为紧密地结合在一起。

  宝相花纹镜按照铜镜分类,应该和花枝镜、亚字形花叶纹镜,归类在瑞花镜内;就形制上划分,有圆形宝相花镜、菱形宝相花镜、葵形宝相花镜。宝相花纹镜又可细分为宝相花镜、宝相花铭带镜。

  安庆宿松于汉高祖后四年(前184)时设立松兹侯国,隋文帝开皇十八年(598)改称宿松县并沿用至今,距今2200多年历史,文化底蕴丰厚,出土了许多全国闻名的文物。这方唐代宝相花纹铭带铜镜,精美绝伦,完美无瑕,无不令人为唐代铸制工艺的先进与完美而惊叹叫绝。

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