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  如图所示这件战国错银铜镦,高6.9、口径3.1、底径2.6厘米,于1968年固原县头营出土。镦(duì)是春秋战国时期矛戟柄末端的圆筒形铜套。《礼记·曲礼》载:“进矛戟者,前其镦。”战国时期,诸侯将领在戈、矛、戟等武器的长柄端套镦,可使柄端不开裂、手柄不磨手,也可装饰长柄,使武器看起来别致精美。

  这件错银铜镦所采用的错金银工艺,是当时先进的金属细工装饰技法。错金银也叫金银错,兴盛于春秋中晚期。错金银工艺包括镶嵌和错两种技术。其制作工艺是:先在青铜器表面预铸出凹凸的纹饰或字形,再用硬度较大的工具錾刻浅槽,然后在浅槽内嵌入细薄的金银丝、片,再用厝石磨错,使嵌入的金银丝、片与铜器表面相平滑,最后用木炭加清水进一步打磨,使器表更加光艳。被“错金银”工艺装饰过的器物表面,金银与青铜互相映衬,装饰的图案与铭文更显华美典雅。

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