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  这是一件清代百宝嵌莲藕拜匣(见图),精美雅致,用黄花梨制作,长方形,长、宽、高约20、18、5厘米。盒与盖口沿处刻回纹,盖面微隆,面上嵌莲藕菊花牡丹图。以黄杨木制成菊花树干,青玉为叶,又用各色寿山石分别制成莲藕、菊花、莲蓬、牡丹等,一幅欢天喜地、平安祥和的美好景象。

  拜帖一词大约始于元代《朴通事谚解·上》“小人昨日贵宅里留下一个拜帖来,见来么?”拜帖终是俗称,书面语常用的仍是名刺、名纸、名帖之类。最早的拜帖称为“谒”,出现在先秦时期,孔子周游列国,则要向各国送去自己的“谒”以求得到接见。唐代科举制度鼎盛,门生考试就需要用标明某位老师名下的门帖,而春节表达心意的门帖,无疑就是我们今天所说的拜年帖了。拜年帖在宋朝十分盛行,宋代人周辉在《清波杂志》中说得很清楚:“宋元祐年间,新年贺节,往往使用佣仆持名刺代往。”到了明代,投谒拜年成为普遍的交往形式。

  为了令拜帖显得庄重而考究,不至出现皱褶叠痕,递送中便不可少了拜匣。会客持帖而往,帖子放在拜匣里,由随从手持到主家时,从匣中取拜帖交于阍人,阍人再通报呈与主人。这样既是显示对主人的尊重, 而拜匣的精美也起着彰显客人身份档次、财富地位的作用。

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