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  最早期的计时工具

  历史上最早出现的时钟,是在公元前1400年,古代埃及人创造的水时钟,利用水的匀速流动来测量时间。中国古代的青铜器中也有叫做“漏壶”或“刻漏”的,也是水时钟的一种。

  水时钟计时不够准确,在中国唐代,又创造了“水云浑天仪”比欧洲的机械钟至少要早600年。

  14世纪初,在意大利的米兰出现了世界上最早的机械打点钟,这种大钟的动力是用绳索悬挂重物,以重力作用带动一系列机构的运转.

  怀表的诞生与发展

  16世纪初,最早的怀表在德国诞生,由德国锁匠亨莱恩制作,怀表的发明意味着看时间成了随手可及的动作。

  16世纪中叶,制表业在瑞士日内瓦得以迅速发展,成为一门新兴而独立的手艺。到17世纪初,日内瓦的制表工厂和作坊已达500多家。

  18世纪是怀表发展的黄金时期,这个时期的怀表表盘出现了秒针。1760年,法国人让.安东尼对传统的多层夹板结构机芯进行了突破性的改进,使得怀表的厚度变薄。

  腕表的诞生与发展

  19世纪后半叶,上层社会一些女性的手镯上装上了小型怀表,可以视为手表最初的雏形。20世纪初,尤其是第一次世界大战爆发后,怀表已经不能适应战场上的需求,腕表的生产成为大势所趋。

  据说一名士兵为了看表方便,把怀表绑在手腕上,举起手腕就可以看时间,十分方便,其他士兵纷纷效仿。1918年,一个瑞士的钟表匠听说这个故事,从中受到启发制造了一种体积较小的表,并在表的两边装上皮质或金属的表带,真正的腕表就此诞生了。

  20世纪初,瑞士已经是世界钟表业的领头羊,而腕表也逐渐取代了怀表的地位。

  石英表的诞生和发展

  随着电子技术的突飞猛进,1952年,美国,法国和瑞士生产出最早的电子表。1967年,瑞士开发出第一块石英腕表,并在1970年开始大量生产。随后的几年,日本和瑞士的石英表,以时间精准,价格低廉而受各国欢迎。

  机械腕表的收藏热潮

  20世纪80年代,世界各地掀起了收藏古董机械腕表的热潮。人们开始懂得欣赏机械表的手工制作的精细工艺,研究制表师的独特设计及个人风格,关注老牌钟表的历史发展。80年代末,瑞士各著名表厂开始生产高价位的机械表,机械表的销量回升,重拾昔日的尊贵地位。

  直至今日,随着经济发展,亚洲已成为名表销量最大的市场,瑞士名表在中国的销量已经占到全球总销量的一半以上。

 

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