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    笔筒是一种最为常见的置笔用具,虽说属于文玩收藏中的“小器”,但由于是中国传统文化的重要符号和集中体现,艺术价值与实用价值兼而有之,因此也成了人们喜爱的收藏品。

  笔筒造型多为圆筒形,也有梅花、葵花、六方、四方等器口,材质大多采用瓷、竹、木、漆,也不乏玉石、象牙、水晶、翡翠、端石等质料,笔筒的装饰方法较为繁多,有刻、镂、雕、绘等,明代《长物志》称:“笔筒湘竹、棕榈者佳,毛竹以古铜镶者为雅,紫檀、乌木、花梨亦间可用”。

  瓷笔筒,分青花、五彩、粉彩、颜色釉等,始于明代嘉靖年间,以青花为主,直口,平底,束腰,康熙时瓷笔筒到达鼎盛,品种丰富,釉色、造型、画意笔法、题字最为讲究,瓷笔筒品相和釉色是收藏者关注的重点,烧造工艺越难价值就越高。

  竹笔筒,目前最早的是明正德、嘉靖年间朱松邻制松鹤纹笔筒,采用的是圆雕竹刻工艺,刀法深峻,立意古雅,收藏竹笔筒主要看是否为名家之作,然后看其时代风格,最后看款式与雕工,竹制笔筒随着时间与环境温湿度变化,表皮会起皱不光整,所以不要一味迷信名款。

  木笔筒,主要材质有黄花梨、紫檀、鸡翅木等,以紫檀木、黄花梨木、沉香木等为贵,明代木雕笔筒简朴大方、花纹疏密有致;清代则纹饰繁缛、雕刻精细,借鉴了牙雕、竹雕等技巧,鉴别木笔筒要注意雕工刀法、工艺水平、年代早晚和时代背景。

  漆笔筒,它的收藏价值在于笔筒制作工匠的名气,纹饰是原创还是仿作,其中镶嵌百宝的,还要看是否完整,有无后镶添补痕迹,原作无损品相佳则价高。

  象牙、玉质笔筒,玉质笔筒多见于清代,以白玉笔筒价值最高,牙、玉笔筒鉴定方法与鉴定玉器、牙雕的方法相似,也可借鉴竹木雕的鉴定方法,按时代风格,表面包浆,雕工技艺依次鉴定。

 

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