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  国人自古爱紫色,究起原因941红木老良有谈过,因为古代紫色提取难度很大,所以紫色变成了稀有的,爱屋及乌,紫檀木材,也被用来彰显皇家的威仪和奢华。今天,941红木老良就和大家聊聊清朝宫廷小叶紫檀家具得以留存的秘密。

  清代宫廷所用的叶紫檀,学名檀香紫檀,豆科、紫檀属乔木,是世界名贵木材之一 主要产于印度南部原始丛林地区。印度小叶紫檀,又称鸡血紫檀,常言十檀九空,大的紫檀木直径仅为二十公分左右,能用于制作成紫檀家具的少之又少。

  小叶紫檀之所以名贵,也因为其生长极为缓慢,成材就需要三百年左右,五百年以上的大料更是难得。和普通木材不同,小叶紫檀是沉水的。小叶紫檀的木质坚硬,纹理细密,色调深沉静穆,庄重大方,质地紧密含油量大,稍经打磨,出现如绸缎般的光滑和玉石般的温润光泽;尤其是紫檀纤维紧致,无论横向还是纵向用刀雕琢,都不会造成纤维的崩碴, 形成粗糙不可修复的缺憾。所以,小叶紫檀木适合细腻的雕刻,即使细若游丝的纹饰,小叶紫檀也能体现得淋漓尽致,所以也只有小叶紫檀家具能完全展示清代宫廷家具复杂的雕刻的美。

  人们今天所说的红木家具,基本上都是清代以来的,而清之前的红木家具保留下来的并不是很多。随意走进一家红木家具生产厂或红木家具城,人们都能看到很多的仿古红木家具,它们当中清式红木家具居多。我们不妨再看一下自己身边的家具,有没有三十年前、五十年前的,就不难明白了。社会的动荡、时代的变迁,要保留一件四五百年前的红木 家具相当不容易。搬家通常是丢掉老家具最直接的原因。上百年不搬家的,也许只有皇帝和少数贵族了,这就是为什么我们今天看到的很多红木家具都是紫禁城里的宫廷红木家具。

  宫廷红木家具能够得以保留下来,除了上述原因以外,还有一个重要因素就是小叶紫檀红木家具的质量。清代的朝廷几乎把全国顶级能工巧匠都招募进来为朝廷服务,这样做的结果是,小叶紫檀红木家具的质量和形式都是当时最完美的,而民间想要追赶时尚,唯一能做的就是仿效宫廷。这也是另外一个清朝宫廷小叶紫檀家具得以保存的秘密。

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