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五子登科铜镜  

  铜镜又称为青铜镜,是人们不可缺少的生活用具。同时铜镜又是精美的工艺品。它制作精良,形态美观,蕴藏的历史价值非常丰富,所以铜镜历来都是收藏界的宠儿。

  铜镜最早的起源虽说不能确定,但是和青铜器出现的年代基本一致,到了商周时期,铜镜基本已经成型,最开始只是素镜,没有任何的装饰纹理,到了西周中期开始出现了有纹饰的铜镜,虽然只有重纹和鸟兽等几种单调的图案,但是已经是质的飞跃了。

  到了春秋战国时期,铜镜迅速得到发展,无论是铸造工艺还是铸造数量都已大大超越从前,到了战国初期,铜镜的装饰更加丰富了,花叶镜、四山镜等多种铜镜开始出现,到了战国晚期至秦末出现了四叶蟠螭镜、蟠螭菱镜,有三层花纹的云雷纹地蟠螭连弧纹镜,铜镜除实用价值外开始兼备装饰作用。

  汉代是我国铜镜发展的重要时期,其在制作形式和艺术表现手法上也有了很大发展,汉代铜镜的特点是圆形、薄体、平边、圆钮,铜镜的纹饰也更加丰富,神兽镜和画像镜已十分普遍,歌舞、车马、历史人物及传说故事等浮雕图象也开始出现。

  隋唐又是铜镜发展史上重要的时代,主要是因为在铜质的合金中加大了锡的成分,这样铜镜就会很亮,既美观又实用,同时方形和菱形铜镜也开始普及,也出现了菱花式及较厚的鸟兽葡萄纹镜等华丽铜镜,非常具有盛唐的特色。

  宋元时期的铜镜可谓泾渭分明,宋代铜镜纹饰多为花草、山水、小桥、楼台等人文元素,非常的精致,还有素面镜,窄边小钮无纹饰镜,这些题材都具有浓厚的生活气息,体现了宋代的文人气息。而到了元代,铜镜的纹饰一般十分粗陋,内容也以神仙故事为主,体现了元代狂野的特色。

  明清时期算是中国古代铜镜发展史上的尾声,形式和样式基本没有创新,基本都是仿照战国和唐代铜镜制造的,值得一提的是明清时期铭文镜比较流行,铭文中出现了大量四字吉语,例如五谷丰登、吉祥如意等,颇具通俗气息。

  我便收藏有一面清代五子登科铜镜,样式确实很普通,五子登科四个铭文十分突出,虽说这面铜镜价值不高,但是其包含的美好祝愿和文化却是无价的,是我珍爱的藏品。

  收藏铜镜,照亮生活,小小的铜镜,映出的是历史的气息。

 

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