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  踏雪寻梅万里春  

  冬天来了,寒冷就紧接着来了,人也愈发的瑟缩而不愿出门。古代的文人却偏爱踏雪寻梅,梅与雪,在诗人画家的笔下结成不解之缘。梅开盛时,有人赏梅。瑞雪过后,有人寻梅。清代著名书画家黄慎对此可谓情有独钟,仅存世的这类画作就高达四五幅,其中一幅《踏雪寻梅图》轴(见图),便是他的经典之作,现藏于沈阳故宫博物院。

  该作品高171、宽89厘米,设色纸本。此图观其画面,笔墨洗练,劲爽流畅,在似不经意中,显示了他熟练的技巧。画绘山间小路,白雪皑皑,道旁傲立一株腊梅,枝干被雪覆盖,枝头遍开朵朵梅花。一老者骑于驴上,伺童伴随其后,二人用衣袖掩嘴呵冻,不畏严寒,兴致勃勃地欣赏梅花。远景为高山峻岭,矾头突兀,山峰矗立,自冲云霄,烟云缭绕,迷茫一片。大片留白,造成天水一色,无限空旷的天地。景物略施淡赭和花青,色调清新典雅。左上草书题七绝一首:骑驴踏雪为诗探,送尽春风酒一瓶,独有梅花知我意,冷香犹可较江南。乾隆七年六月(1729)写于芙蓉草堂,慎。款下钤“黄慎”朱文方印,“恭懋”白文方印。引首钤“长剑依天外”朱文长方印。左下钤“谢子仪鉴定珍藏印”朱文长方印。

  黄慎是清康乾时期活跃在扬州地区的八位职业画家“扬州八怪”之一。初名盛,字恭寿、恭懋、躬懋、恭寿、菊壮,号瘿瓢子,别号东海布衣,福建宁化人。黄慎擅画山水、花鸟、人物,以画人物最为突出。所画多历史人物、佛道、樵夫渔父,早年工细,后参以怀素草书笔法,所作人物比例准确,衣饰顿挫,线条流畅。花鸟笔法洗练,形象概括,画风泼辣;山水境界开阔,注重诗意的表达。在绘画艺术上黄慎十分全面,他最大的特点是将草书入画,这幅图就是将草书入画的典型代表。此画中人物的衣纹均施淡墨、着淡色,衣纹勾勒清晰、生动活泼,突出了他以草书入画的特点。

  追溯踏雪寻梅的根源,出自一则典故:唐代诗人孟浩然巧拒官位、归隐山林、情怀旷达,常冒雪骑驴寻梅,曰“吾诗思在灞桥风雪中驴背上”。于是,踏雪寻梅成为古代文人雅士淡泊名利、向往高洁生活的精神寄托。“冰雪林中著此身,不同桃李混芳尘。忽然一夜清香发,散作乾坤万里春。”伴雪而生的梅花傲骨芬芳,为银装素裹、与世无争赢得一片高洁,是历代文人追求的至臻境界,也让今人能欣赏到更多的品鉴之美。

 

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