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图2 陈昔凡书法扇面,安庆博物馆藏  

  笔者曾经从金陵藏家处收得吾乡同宗先贤陈昔凡先生山水扇面一祯(图1),绢本水墨。上画湖山佳胜,钓舟一粒,临水茅屋掩映于杂树之中。细细品之,纯以笔墨取胜,云林清逸之气弥漫纸上,不愧虞山后劲。题款:“漫道白鸥闲似我,渔舟更比白鸥闲。壬寅五月。汉臣仁兄大人再正。昔凡又涂。”钤陈庶朱文小印。

图1-1 陈昔凡山水扇面

图3 陈昔凡书法对联,安庆博物馆藏

图1-2 陈昔凡山水扇面题款

  陈衍庶(1851—1913),一作衍鹿,安徽怀宁(今安庆)人,字昔凡,又名陈庶,晚号石门渔隐、石门湖叟,室名四石师斋。晚清官员,富商,大收藏家。陈独秀之叔父,后嗣为子。

  陈衍庶先生是书画鉴赏家,亦是晚清皖江画坛成就颇高的大佬。平生尚邓石如、刘石庵、王石谷、沈石田,名画室为“四石师斋”。早年师王翚,庋藏书画亦以王石谷为最。黄宾虹在《近数十年画者评》中称“陈昔凡、姜颖生,皆左清晖而右麓台。”据陈独秀后来撰写的《美术革命》回忆:“我家所藏和见过的王画,不下二百多件。”

  《湖社月刊》曾刊载其作于光绪十八年(壬辰)山水扇面,并力称陈衍庶“与姜颖生齐名,而神韵过之,近代萧谦中,其弟子也”。晚年先生归隐故里安庆,极欣赏姜筠,称“当时画家无出其右”。另一位安庆籍名家萧愻,与萧俊贤并称“南北二萧”,早年曾拜其名下。

  画僧懒悟绘画精妙,今享大名。时在安庆时有件趣事,1947年冬,其忘年好友吴云有一幅陈衍庶的未完画稿,不知何故只画了下半部,上半部只有勾勒,左下角钤有“陈衍庶字锡蕃”印一方。陈衍庶与姜颖生同是安徽画坛师法“四王”高手。吴云请懒悟补缀。画成,浑然一体,与陈氏笔墨如出一辙,令画苑同行叫绝。懒悟续补陈衍庶遗稿,颇似高鹗续《红楼》,堪称艺林韵事。

  据考,安徽博物院现藏有陈衍庶堂幅《云嶂层楼图》、轴《抚罗聘斗笠先生像》、扇面《仿耕烟江山雪霁图》,安庆迎江寺藏有扇面《和松庵图》,安庆博物馆仅藏有其书法作品两件(图2、图3)。

  陈衍庶先生一生,除在京出资兴建“崇古斋”而扬名海内外,其教养出的二子,双双成为二十世纪上半叶乱世之中,影响国运走势的风云大纛。嗣子陈独秀,义子张作霖,一文一武,一南一北,一书生一草莽,却因一人而成为同门承教的义兄弟,真是一段鲜为人知的惊世奇缘。

 

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