0 Favorites 0 likes 4,138 浏览 1798 个字

  华岩是一位诗、书、画兼善且富于创造性的清代杰出绘画大家,也是扬州画派的代表人物之一。他巧妙地将职业画家的长处和文人画的优点结合起来,形成了“文质相兼、雅俗共赏”的艺术特色。

  华岩笔下的鸟堪称一绝,最负盛名。他独创的兼工带写的小写意花鸟画,善用粗笔、渴笔,所画花鸟,草虫和小动物,形象都自然逼真,活泼生动,秀丽出众,富有生趣。画人物以简取胜,纵逸趣脱,标新立异,空中有画,着处无痕,独开生面。

  华岩:(1682-1756年),一作华嵒,字德嵩,更字秋岳,号白沙道人、新罗山人、东园生、布衣生、离垢居士等,老年自喻“飘篷者”,福建上杭蛟洋华佳(家)人(原白砂里人),后寓杭州。工画人物、山水、花鸟、草虫,脱去时习,力追古法,写动物尤佳。善书,能诗,时称“三绝”,为清代杰出绘画大家,扬州画派的代表人物之一。

  华岩遗作现被珍藏于国内各大博物院和日、美、法等外国美术馆中,成为世界艺术珍宝。故宫博物院收藏并出版了《华岩花鸟册》8幅、《华岩画册》12幅。日本出版的《支那南画大成》收录有华岩的画作10幅。华岩的遗诗600余首已收入《离垢集》和《解弢馆诗集》。

|自幼习画,受制于族规,奔走杭州
 

  华岩幼年曾上过蒙馆,不久因父逝辍学,乃往寓浙东族人开办的造纸作坊当学徒,常利用纸坊废纸自习绘画,渐谙画技。

  一天,在门外墙上画了只牛,适逢某画师过此,说:牛虽神似,惜肚子画得太大了。华听后便在牛旁添画上一棵树,作擦庠状。次日,画师过此,见墙画十分赞誉,感到昨天嫌其肚大,乃因未画完的缘故,便问:“此画系何人所作?”迨知系一少 年所作时,更加称异,认为此人大有培养前途,收其为徒。
  数年,画艺大进。

  康熙四十二年,适值华岩村中重修华氏宗祠,欲绘壁画,叔祖命其试绘,因未经族长认可,其叔祖依族规受罚,重新将墙壁涂刷,准备请画师绘制。华岩十分恼怒,遂连夜越墙爬进祠堂,左手举着火把,右手奋笔挥毫,重新绘好《高山云鹤》、《青松悬崖》、《水国浮牛》、《倚马题诗》四幅壁画,不待天亮就背起行囊远离故乡,往杭州而去。 

|勤学苦练,独辟蹊径,花鸟画耳目一新
 

  华岩在杭州结识了徐逢吉等文人学士、画朋书友,得以观赏到一些古今名画,大开眼界,深感自己读书少、学识浅、画艺粗,乃发愤精进,远师南宋画家马和之,近学明末清初画家陈洪绶、恽寿平、石涛诸家,认真研习宋、元、明各大家的绘画技法,学诗学字也下了很大苦功。通过勤学苦练,终于得其精髓,为其后成为诗、书、画三绝的伟大艺术家铺平了道路。

  当时,清朝统治者极力提倡摹古仿古的宫廷艺术,鼓励画师们一味临摹宋元名迹,在食古不化时癖盛行之际,他别树一帜,一画吸引前代各派画家之长,以为己用;一面注重写生,独辟蹊径,超脱前人。

  如画翎毛,前人都用细笔湿墨一笔一笔去描绘,而华岩却大胆改用秃笔干墨去擦,一笔下去就皱出数十条蓬松的羽毛,然后傅以淡彩,使之栩栩如生。

  他独特的画法,使花鸟画面目一新,渐渐名声远扬,求画者络绎于馆。成名之后,常以“新罗山人”的笔名在画上落款,还用东园生、布衣生等笔名作画,以表明自己的出身。  

|穷且益坚,不坠青云之志
 

  康熙五十六年,华岩36岁时带着作品进入帝都北京,原认为自己充满清新气息的画作,会引起京华画坛的重视。然事与愿违,那些称霸画坛的宫廷画师们,把华岩的作品视为左道旁门,百般挑剔,因而王公显宦、富户豪门对其十分冷落,但他并不因此心灰意冷,反而穷且益坚,不坠青云之志,以极大的毅力忍着饥寒,跋涉到长城以北的热河(今属内蒙东南部、河北东北部),为其后来扩大创作题材,提高绘画意境创造了条件。

|画艺炉火纯青,留下多篇经典佳作
 

  雍正元年(1723年)42岁时,华岩从杭州转到当时经济、文化发达的扬州,与“扬州八怪”中的金农、汪士慎等人切磋画艺。此后画艺突进,人物、山水、花鸟、草虫、走兽等等,无一不精,在意境、构图、技法各方面都更臻完美,达到炉火纯青的地步。

  到扬州后的第三年,华岩发现陈洪绶未完成的《西雅图集》遗稿流落于市肆,曾细心地为之补全,并作了题记,时人传为佳话。 

  华岩晚年定居杭州,仍以绘画为生,画艺虽高,但聚财无术,贫病常伴其度过艰难岁月。66岁时,老妻蒋妍病故,他身心深受打击,病魔缠身,每况愈下。乾隆二十一年(1756年),病逝于杭州,享年75岁。  

  生活的磨砺与名师的指教,他开始了大写意文人画的创作

 

Related recommendations

Li Zhibin, also known as "Xiaoyaō Zi," shares the same name on Douyin and Kuaishou platforms. He is from Sichuan, has a passion for traditional culture, and is dedicated to arts such as poetry, calligraphy, and music...

Wang Shuangyi, courtesy name Yufei, born in Hebei in 1962, a member of the Communist Party of China, graduated with a college degree in calligraphy. Member of the 10th and 11th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference of Ningjin County...

Liu Tianjing, also known as Tian Jin. Male, Han ethnicity, born in May 1968, from Longde County, Ningxia. He has studied the calligraphy and theory of the Two Wangs since childhood. Ningxia Calligraphers Association...

Guo Jindong, currently the Vice President and Chairman of the China Commercial Culture Research Association, a specially appointed researcher at the National Museum of China, former Vice President of the China National Academy of Painting, ...

Liu Keren, courtesy name Zilian, also known as Kuai Xue Tang and Si Qi Zhai. Originally from Weifang City, Shandong Province, he is the branch president of the Baisanheishui Painting Academy and vice president of the China National Painting and Calligraphy Academy.

Wang Rong Artistic Biography A native of Datong, Shanxi, currently residing in Beijing. His courtesy name is Yunshi, and his art name is Yunshanzhongren. Director of the Pinggu District Artists Association, Beijing Shanxi Provincial Artists Association...

Empower content monetization

Elevate your income to a new level

Click to contact customer service

Online time: 8:00-16:00

Customer service QQ

88888888

Customer service phone number

400-888-8888

Customer service email

ceotheme@ceo.com

Scan QR code

Follow the WeChat official account

Scan QR code

Visit this site on your mobile device