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  这件清代镶嵌蜜蜡银帽饰(见图),属帽正,佩戴于帽子正中,类椭圆形,重8.4克,高4.3、宽4.7、厚约1厘米;中间镶嵌着一朵红黄色的蜜蜡牡丹。分析其制作工艺,应包括模凸、錾刻、花丝、鎏金、嵌宝、弯丝、焊接、錾孔、修剪等。下层宝托素边宽0.4厘米,素边上沿等距离各錾两两相对八小孔,以供穿系于帽。

  牡丹花开国色天香,富丽堂皇,是花中之王,自古深受人们的欣赏与喜爱。银饰宝托共分两层,上层银片以花丝缀边,饰出四朵相连的盛开清莲,团团围绕着银饰中心的蜜蜡牡丹,莲花背面焊有四条细银丝,穿于饰背相对应处。牡丹花芯,为银丝弯成的花瓣托,花瓣托底部焊一银丝,系于饰背中心,饰背随形内凹。花瓣托镶嵌的宝石,或为红宝、碧玺、珍珠,或是与蜜蜡同色系的红黄色玛瑙等,惜宝石已失;下层宝托鎏金,饰四朵艳艳绽放的牡丹花,牡丹左右各饰蓬勃生长的丰盈绿叶,整圈满饰花繁叶茂的牡丹花叶纹;上下双层宝托之间,以类椭圆形素面薄银片,相接相焊相连,令宝托看上去犹似一只莲花座。银饰既有象征人间富贵荣华的牡丹花,又有典型佛教意义的清莲,两者相衬相映,相辅相成,寓意花开富贵、清廉高洁、慈悲为怀等,富贵而不失禅心。

  唐代诗人刘禹锡的《赏牡丹》有句云:“唯有牡丹真国色,花开时节动京城。”牡丹属于名贵的观赏花卉,也是入画吟诗的佳品。此件清代镶嵌蜜蜡银帽饰,共拥有五朵牡丹(含蜜蜡牡丹)、四朵清莲,更兼上下层宝托,银色与金色交相辉映,红黄色的蜜蜡,越发突出了华丽丽的富贵气。李白的《清平调辞三首》诗句曰:“云想衣裳花想容,春风拂槛露华浓。”想那上层花丝镶边的莲花纹,如果还原其本来面目,许是艳美的翠蓝色点翠莲花,而非现在我们所看到的那副素面莲花样,且莲花亦有三叶花瓣,已然残损。岁月悠悠,点翠鸟羽易脱易落,不易保存,惜翠羽尽失。

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