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连弧螭凤纹镜 战国后期  

  铜镜是古代的一种生活日用品,用来照人颜整装束,铜镜是由铜合金制作而成,它的基本主要成分自然是铜,所以铜镜的产量与铜的产量基本一至,从齐家文化到明清,总的来说,各时期铜产量较大时,产镜量也多,一般产镜地多靠近产铜的地方。

  从1973年陕西临潼姜寨发现的距今约6600年的仰韶早期黄铜片,说明我国古代治铜术至迟到时仰韶文化时期便已发明,到了龙山文化、齐家文化时期,出土铜器有了明显增加,包括目前发现年代最早的铜镜为4000多年前的齐家文化,大约二里头文化时,我国就进入了早期青铜时代,至商代中期到西周,我国古代青铜技术开始成熟并达到了鼎盛的阶段,兵器、生产工具、生活用器都已大量用铜及其合金制作,尤其是礼乐器,在此时期人们主要重视礼乐器的制作,其铸造技术和艺术都达到了空前的高度,而轻生活日用器,使铜镜技术发展在这一时期十分缓慢,当然,这发展缓慢原因除重视礼乐外,还与此时期的合金技术,尤其是铜镜表面加工技术尚未十分成熟也有一定关系。

三段区段式神兽镜 东汉

  随着春秋战国的礼乐崩溃,一些形式呆板的王室之器正逐渐衰落,此时青铜技术也产生了许多重大的变化,轻便实用的日用器迅速兴起,如铸钱业、铸镜业、铸剑业,以及镂、镶、错、鎏等金属工艺都获得了较大发展,尤其是铸镜业和铸剑业,这一时期,人们把从古以来所有的青铜铸造和加工方面的多种技艺倾注其中,使此时期青铜工艺达到了先进水平。

博局纹人物画像镜 东汉早期

  据考古认证,春秋战国时期铜镜产地至少有四处:一为今湖南长沙,与此地有大量铜镜出土为证。二是今辽宁,吉林一带,这有多钮镜为证。三是山西侯马,出有春秋战国镜范,四是河北易县,出有战国镜范。可以说春秋战国时期是青铜工艺的一个重要转变时期,著名的《考工艺》也是出自此一时期。文章来自中历收藏品鉴定中心,为我国合法第三方专业鉴定平台,证书得到了专业人士及社会各界的高度认可,藏品鉴定可咨询。

 

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