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清代仿古青玉蟠螭觚  

  展出的62件藏品包含二级文物19件、三级文物43件

  近日,“玉润东方——山东博物馆藏仿古玉器”展在东莞市袁崇焕纪念园开展。展出62件文物均为三级以上文物,可谓件件精品。

  我国的仿古玉器,主要集中在仿制青铜彝器方面。早在宋代就已经有了仿制青铜彝器的玉器,所仿造的母本大多集中于汉以前的青铜器。大规模仿古玉器的制作集中在宋、清两代,明代仿古玉则是宋代仿古玉的延续。仿古玉器虽说仿古,但在其设计制作过程中加入了本朝的特点,使其更具有时代性和观赏性。

  据介绍,此次展览共分为“玉之源”“玉之美”“玉之润”三部分。展出文物共计62件,其中二级文物19件,三级文物43件,包括鼎、簋、觯、觥、钟、匜、杯、花插等多种器型,雕琢精湛,玉质莹润,是明清两代陈设玉中的精品之作。值得一提的是,山东博物馆还特地选取部分特征鲜明的商周青铜器文物与仿古玉器进行对比,让观众更为直观地感知仿古的内涵和智慧。

  如展出的清代仿古百乳白玉鼎,是此次展览中的一件重器。该器通高22、长13.5、宽7.4厘米。玉质莹润,呈白色。长方体,四柱足,两立耳。鼎身主体饰乳钉纹,被绳索纹分为四个区域;两侧乳钉纹则被绳索纹分为上下两区,两立耳镂雕变形双胜纹。四柱状足上面则浮雕兽面纹。配一顶形盖,盖身饰乳钉纹与绳纹。盖顶镂雕一盘踞着的龙。整器造型构思巧妙,古朴典雅,堪称青铜鼎造型的完美复刻,但又不失玉器的莹润内敛。

  另一件姿态高挑、雕工细腻的清代仿古青玉蟠螭觚,同样引人瞩目。觚为盛行于商代的一种青铜酒器,也做祭祀用器。因其造型优美典雅,从宋代以后便成为仿古类的瓷器、玉器、珐琅器等模仿制作的重要母型。玉质觚形器除了作为一种陈设用品,还可以作为花插使用,是书房中常见的陈设品之一。此次展出的这件清代仿古青玉蟠螭觚,高20.6、口长10、口宽5.1、底长6.9、宽4.8厘米;造型上看,喇叭口、喇叭足,颈周镂雕一龙,作盘缠状,龙尾部上方有一骊珠,且龙首与之相对。器中部鼓腹雕兽面纹,器底部盘缠一螭龙。整器造型古朴典雅,是一件不可多得的仿古玉器精品。

  同时亮相展出的明代仿古青玉三牲卮、青玉双耳瓶、青玉松枝花插,清代仿古青玉匜、青玉觯、兽耳青玉香炉、白玉方彝、青玉壶等多件仿古玉器,也是此次展览中的玉器佳作,且大多数都能从历代青铜器中找到原型。这些仿古玉珍品佳作,汇聚着文人雅士们的审美情趣,凝结了能工巧匠的技巧智慧,承载着丰富的历史内涵与人文知识,成为中国历代文人雅士追慕高雅、秉承传统的生活写照。据悉,此次展览将持续到2月20日。

 

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