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  在任何族群任何时代,都难以解决雅俗共赏的问题。有的地方整个社会文明素质高一点,有的地方就差一点。艺术欣赏水准总体还是取决于族群的素质。如果一个群体脱离文盲还没有几十年,那么极通俗的娱乐就是最大的需求。人人都需要娱乐,不能剥夺他人娱乐的权利,但通俗的娱乐也有不同的层次。然而,最糟糕的是一些本该是很专业的人士,也在盲从低俗、不分雅俗好歹,这比较反常。

  任何时候,通俗的娱乐的才是大众的;真正的雅文学、纯音乐,都需要拥有很高教养的人来欣赏。不排斥大众趣味是对的,但也不要排斥这一部分极有教养的人,这部分人几十年或更长时间内积攒起来,数量也不算少。有人错误地理解了“高贵者最愚蠢”这句话,弄不通它的语境,于是越是低俗向下、受没文化没教养的人喜欢的,就成了标准。这样的认知怎么会使一个族群向上?只有一路向下,走向最末端。

  高级的东西是专为高级的人准备的,这个高级不是指权势,而是指精神和心灵、指修养。让所有的人都能听懂柴可夫斯基的《第六悲怆交响曲》,这是不可能的。大家都去欣赏舒伯特?欣赏《二泉映月》?当然也不会。就像一个很大的城市交响乐专场也只能演三到四场,多了也卖不出票,道理在于就那么多人能欣赏,那也没有办法。我们总不能因此把这些经典交响乐全部贬掉,说它们根本不如一些搞笑的小品吧?当然小品演得高级也不容易。

  一个人为什么要接受教育,不停地读书?家长们都想让自己的孩子成为一个拥有很高教养的人,在精神和艺术享受上能达到一定的高度。这是一个理想,一种艺术理性、精神理性。

  雅文学写作者面临着复杂的、漫长的、刻苦的学习和训练,而且这分散在生活的一切方面。因为一个人就那么多时间,用在一些低级粗糙的东西上面,就没有时间去读更高的,就很难积累更高的文明修养。一个人整天泡在通俗艺术中,除非就是做这个的,而且即便做通俗艺术的,也需要更高的修养和见识。好的电影也可以看一看,不过电影总体上来说还是通俗艺术,是广义的艺术,不是严格意义上的个人艺术。

  真正的艺术创造是一个人的,超过一个人的就是合成的文化产品。文化产品中也有高下之别。狭义的艺术是哪一些?是个人的,生命个体的创造,比如文学。两个人一起写的是不是?不是了,除非一个人挂名,真实的情形是一个人创作。两人以上合力而成的艺术品,严格讲是运用艺术手段完成的一件产品,不属于纯粹的艺术。

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