0 Favorites 0 likes 6,765 浏览 1163 个字

 

  陶渊明曾说:“夏月虚闲,高卧北窗之下,清风飒至,自谓羲皇上人。”一个高人隐士酒后高卧草庐窗下,悠闲自得乘凉的形象跃然纸上。唐代诗人李白非常向往陶渊明恬淡闲逸、与世无争、天人合一的隐逸生活,写诗曰:“陶令日日醉,不知五柳春。素琴本无弦,漉酒用葛巾。清风北窗下,自谓羲皇人。何时到栗里,一见平生亲。”表达了对陶渊明人品和理想的仰慕之情。

  这幅宋代佚名《柳荫高士图》(见图),描绘的正是此意境。据《石渠宝笈》记载,此图为素绢本着色画,左方下有孙承泽印,右方下有北平孙氏印,左边幅有棠村审定、蕉林二印。只知为宋人之作,相关的背景则无从查考。画中为一棵古柳树,树干虬曲刚劲,枝叶繁茂。树下一翁,美髯飘忽,袒胸露腹,头戴葛巾,赤足席地而坐。坐前有一幅展开的手卷,酒樽满盈,浅斟低酌。表面上看此翁双目聚神,凝视手卷,实则已是眼饧耳热,醺醺然不胜桮杓。

  乾隆皇帝对《柳荫高士图》十分喜爱欣赏,在画上御笔题诗云:“柳荫高士若为高,放浪形骸意自豪。设问伊人何姓氏,于唐为李晋为陶。”乾隆帝说,这位高士如是唐人就是李白,如是晋人便是陶渊明。但是从服饰和环境看,应是五柳先生陶潜也。这幅图所表现的就是“心静自然凉”。

  唐宪宗元和十年(815)的夏季,酷暑难当,时任太子左赞善大夫的白居易到东都洛阳的寺庙拜访恒寂大师,禅房内恒寂大师安静自如地盘腿而坐。大汗淋漓的白居易惊讶地问道:“大师,此处好闷热,如何不换个地方纳凉?”恒寂大师淡然一笑,不以为然地说:“我感觉此地很凉快啊。”白居易听后,猛然醒悟,烈日炎炎,禅房也非凉爽之地,但是恒寂大师超脱尘世纷繁的干扰,心如止水,凉爽之意顿时而来。于是作了《苦热题恒寂师禅室》曰:“人人避暑走如狂,独有禅师不出房。可是禅房无热到,但能心静即身凉。”白居易在另一首《消暑》诗中,幽默调侃地说:“何以消烦暑,端居一院中。眼前无长物,窗下有清风。散热由心静,凉生为室空。此时身自保,难更与人同。”意思是只要你在院子里坐着,心无杂念,静下心来,你就会感觉窗子有凉爽的清风徐徐吹来,凉爽无比。北宋诗人梅尧臣对心静自然凉又有另一番感受。他在《中伏日陪二通判妙觉寺避暑》一诗中写道:“绀宇迎凉日,方床御绤衣。清淡停玉麈,雅曲弄金徽。高树秋声早,长廊暑气微。不须河朔饮,煮茗自忘归。”尽管是热浪翻滚的中伏时节,清幽寂静的佛寺,没有俗世间杂念繁事的羁绊,时而有钟鼓琴瑟之声悠扬,凉爽气息迎面而来,何须到北方酣饮避暑,在此品上一杯清茗乐而忘返。

  清朝雍正皇帝追录康熙皇帝训话编辑而成的《庭训格言》,内有一则训文《心静自然凉》曰:“盛暑不开窗、不纳凉者,皆因自幼习惯,亦由心静,故身不热。”意思是说只要能做到内心平静,身上才不热。在“天下熙熙皆为利来、天下攘攘皆为利往”的人间尘世,能做到“心静自然凉”者是一种人生境界。

Related recommendations

Li Zhibin, also known as "Xiaoyaō Zi," shares the same name on Douyin and Kuaishou platforms. He is from Sichuan, has a passion for traditional culture, and is dedicated to arts such as poetry, calligraphy, and music...

Wang Shuangyi, courtesy name Yufei, born in Hebei in 1962, a member of the Communist Party of China, graduated with a college degree in calligraphy. Member of the 10th and 11th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference of Ningjin County...

Liu Tianjing, also known as Tian Jin. Male, Han ethnicity, born in May 1968, from Longde County, Ningxia. He has studied the calligraphy and theory of the Two Wangs since childhood. Ningxia Calligraphers Association...

Guo Jindong, currently the Vice President and Chairman of the China Commercial Culture Research Association, a specially appointed researcher at the National Museum of China, former Vice President of the China National Academy of Painting, ...

Liu Keren, courtesy name Zilian, also known as Kuai Xue Tang and Si Qi Zhai. Originally from Weifang City, Shandong Province, he is the branch president of the Baisanheishui Painting Academy and vice president of the China National Painting and Calligraphy Academy.

Wang Rong Artistic Biography A native of Datong, Shanxi, currently residing in Beijing. His courtesy name is Yunshi, and his art name is Yunshanzhongren. Director of the Pinggu District Artists Association, Beijing Shanxi Provincial Artists Association...

Empower content monetization

Elevate your income to a new level

Click to contact customer service

Online time: 8:00-16:00

Customer service QQ

88888888

Customer service phone number

400-888-8888

Customer service email

ceotheme@ceo.com

Scan QR code

Follow the WeChat official account

Scan QR code

Visit this site on your mobile device