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  晋人信札习惯上称为晋人尺牍。尺牍也是信札的代称。在纸张发明之前,用竹木或帛,制成尺把长的版面,用以记事表意,是谓尺牍。

  信札作为日常交流形式,是自由书写的艺术,在古代文人手中达到了很高的境界。尤其是以王羲之为代表的晋代书家,把信札艺术提升到了登峰造极的艺术高度,成为中国书法的经典形式。

东晋 王羲之 远宦帖

纵24.8厘米,横21.3厘米 台北故宫博物院藏

  王羲之大部分作品都是给亲友的信札,其书风潇洒而成为晋代尚“韵”书风的代表,传达出晋人志气平和、不激不厉的审美理想。他把隶书、章草、草书揉合为行书,强调线条的浑厚生动,以一种艺术感极强的随机态度对待提按、顿挫,绞转和行笔的力度、方向、节奏和空间切割,使书法作品通过线条的起伏流动,通过线条的粗细、曲直、干湿等变化,通过轻重坚柔、光润滞湿的墨痕,传达出自我心灵的焦灼、畅达、甜美、苦涩等情感意绪。

  王羲之信札强调“意”,系指书家的心性情感对于书法创作的重要性,认为书法可以表现人的内心的悲喜哀乐和意绪情操。而且这“意”必须融入笔墨之中使得信札充满意趣笔韵,具有飞动美、错落美、中和美,使整幅作品“气韵生动”。

《平安帖》行书兼草书

信中提到的“脩载”,是王羲之的堂兄弟。

王羲之《平安帖》

释文:此粗平安。脩载来十馀 □。□人近集存。想明日 当复悉。□□由同增慨。

《何如帖》行书

问候对方并告知近况。

王羲之《何如帖》

释文:羲之白。不审尊体比复 何如。迟复奉告。羲之中泠无赖。寻复白。羲之白。

《奉橘帖》行书

赠送友人橘子并附上此信。

王羲之《奉橘帖》

释文:奉橘三百枚。霜未降。未可多得。

晋 王羲之 快雪时晴帖台 北故宫博物馆藏

释文:羲之顿首。快雪时晴。佳想安善。未果为结。力不次。王羲之顿首。山阴张侯。

陆机书《平复帖》

中国书法史上第一件流传有绪的法帖墨迹

具有极高的艺术与历史价值

晋 陆机书 《平复帖》 纸本 手卷 23.7cmx20.6cm

释文:“彥先羸瘵 ,恐難平復,往屬初病,慮不止此,此已爲慶。承使唯男,幸爲複失前憂耳。吳子楊往初來主,吾不能盡。臨西複來,威儀詳跱。舉動成觀,自軀體之美也。思識□量之邁前,勢所恒有,宜□稱之。夏伯榮寇亂之際,聞問不悉。”(释文据启功《〈平复帖〉说并释文》)

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