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  明代宫廷画家李在,字以政,号一斋,莆田人。《明画录》谓李在“精工山水,细润者宗敦熙,豪迈者宗马(远)夏(圭),人物气韵生动,名倾一时。”他的画风属于浙派,画法多效古人,但仿古而不泥古,融汇贯通,自成风格。现藏于淮安市博物馆的《萱花图》(见图),是李在存世作品中唯一的一幅花鸟画。

  《萱花图》中一枝向右上方斜伸,逸笔潇洒,苍劲有力;根部叶片以浓墨阔笔而写,或偃或俯,摇曳多姿,率性豪放,生动而有神韵;茎梢数朵萱花以淡墨细笔勾点,或盛开怒放,或含苞待放,端庄秀丽,清雅温馨,既描绘出花卉妩媚柔美之态,又展现其生机盎然的内在生命力。由于长期埋于地下,画的颜色有些脱落,但仍不失气韵生动,形象鲜活,似有一缕缕清香徐徐飘来。画面左上角题七绝一首:“帘卷薰风夏日长,花含鹄嘴近高堂,筵前介寿双亲乐,颜色辉辉映彩裳。”落款“莆田李在为郑仪写”。下钤白文“自家意思”“海天秋月”二印。这幅画作于1982年4月在江苏淮安市淮安区城东郊闸口村的一座明代墓葬中发掘,墓主人是明代书画收藏家王镇。经当时徐邦达等文物专家鉴定,为李在真迹无疑。

  从该画所绘之萱花和题诗看,是为赞颂母亲而作。在两千多年前,我们的祖先把萱花比喻成“母亲花”。《诗经·卫风·伯兮》曰:“焉得谖草,言树之背。”朱熹注:“谖草,令人忘忧;背,北堂也。”谖草即萱草,又称“忘忧草”;北堂代表母亲。“北堂幽暗,可以种萱。”表达了儿子远行对母亲的思念之情。西汉名将李陵和使节苏武被困匈奴,苏武返汉,李陵在送行宴上悲喜交集,感慨万千,作《李陵赠苏武别诗》曰:“亲人随风散,历历如流星。三萍离不结,思心独屏营。愿得萱草枝,以解饥渴情。”身在异邦,有家不能回,有国不能归,但愿得到一枝萱草,以解思念祖国、思念亲人之情。唐代诗人孟郊命运坎坷,连续两年参加科举考试都名落孙山,在46岁那年,再次赴京城赶考,在临行前夜,睡梦中醒来的孟郊看到母亲还在灯下一针一线为自己缝补明天远行要穿的衣服,他泪眼婆娑,有感而发,写下《游子》诗:“萱草生堂阶,游子行天涯;慈母倚堂门,不见萱草花。”

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