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  绘画进入明代,尤以“明四家”(沈文唐仇)名声最为响亮。之所以他们的名声这么响亮,因他们当中,“沈文唐”三位都是吴中名士,精书能画,皆善诗文歌赋,且出身殷实人家。而唯仇英出身寒门,幼年失学,后做过漆匠,但其天性喜欢画画,精工设色,善画仕女,亦能水墨,偶作花鸟,皆饶有韵致,是位通过自身努力,而成为中国美术史上最为成功的平民画家之一。然而,明代有著录没著录及佚名的优秀画家还有很多。从不少标“无款”存世画作来看,的确感觉不少画作的水平精逸超尘,其水准决不逊于有名头的画家。吴中出才子,才子多吴中。活跃于十六世纪的苏州职业画家谢时臣,创作精力十分旺盛,由于画的笔墨出色,且价格公道,故而常常订单很多。他喜画山水,一般多作长卷巨幛,让人赏后,有大气排奡、纵横千里之势。

  谢时臣(1487或1488?—?或1567后?,生卒年著录很杂,皆难以精确,如有的著录,言其八十一岁尚且健在,而按照以上生卒年考,画家早已经作古),字思忠,号樗仙,江苏苏州人。工书善画,长于隶书,精画山水人物。他画学的是吴仲圭、沈石田,吴为“浙江画派”鼻祖,沈为“吴门画派”创始人。在绘画风格上,其融两派之长,笔墨取开张之势,内含鲜活生动,颇具自家风范。谢作为职业画家,主以鬻画为生,起始名气不小,且当时著名画家文征明、文嘉等对其绘画艺术评价很高。然在其殁后,其画名皆受到一些杂论家的不公允乱评,致使其绘画艺术蒙冤受损,加之本身著录条文有限,以至于渐被画界不明者所轻视,这是令人十分遗憾的。然随着谢时臣绘画艺术的凸显明晰,各学术界已经越来越重视他的艺术价值。谢时臣在绘画笔墨中,取法甚高,他追的是元人的艺术笔墨,气息内涵十分幽古,构图上的精整大气,以及笔墨中的层次叠染,都是承传古人法度的精深亮点。虽其平生鬻画为生,然历经时日,能靠谱谢时臣真正的经典画迹,早已是凤毛麟角了。今能见之他的绘画真迹,基本上都珍藏于国内外各大博物馆及一些著名的文化机构。但话又说回来了,谢在明代的画名应该不小,但也决不会像一些人所说的什么“谢时臣现象”?关键还是“明四家”的名气太大了,以至于将不少有名的明代画家之名给掩盖住了。这一点,其实也不足为怪,就像现今拍卖行,主流只扛齐白石、张大千等大名家的大旗,其他一些名家也多只是做下陪衬罢了。

  这幅谢时臣《凌云乔翠图》(见图),墨笔纸本,尺寸292×102厘米,现藏于常州市博物馆。画面构图精整奇逸,用笔苍润古拙,松针虬枝穿行自如,其疏密开张之气似有仙助,亦将人引入绝佳之梦幻中。从谢时臣存世的真迹画作来看,一般皆喜作巨轶大幛。明末学者姜绍书《无声诗史》评其“善画,颇有胆气,长卷巨幛,纵横自如……”而从谢时臣此直幅尺寸风格来看,姜评价基本是准确的。

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